The United Nations has adopted a groundbreaking international marine biodiversity agreement to regulate the high seas after years of negotiations. Known as the High Seas Treaty or the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Treaty, this is the first legally binding agreement of its kind, requiring international cooperation. The treaty falls under the U.N.’s Convention on the Law of Sea, which provides a legal framework for marine activities. While countries are responsible for conserving and using waterways within their jurisdiction, this agreement establishes a framework to extend environmental protections to international waters and prevent pollution and unsustainable fishing activities. The treaty consists of 75 articles aimed at protecting and conserving marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Currently, only 1.2 percent of the world’s ocean areas are protected. The agreement also calls for collaboration among regional seas organizations and fisheries management organizations to manage fishing stocks sustainably. Additionally, it addresses the adverse effects of climate change and ocean acidification, recognizes the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, and emphasizes the need for fair and equitable sharing of benefits. U.N. Secretary-General António Guterres commended the treaty’s adoption, stating that it is critical to address the ongoing threats facing the ocean and achieve the U.N.’s sustainable development goals. The High Seas Treaty will be open for signature in New York for two years and will come into effect once ratified by 60 countries.