Kathy Fox vividly recalls the heart-wrenching scene at the Lac-Mégantic rail disaster in August 2014. As the Transportation Safety Board chair, she faced grieving family members and attempted to explain the tragic event. The disaster occurred when an unattended train carrying crude oil derailed and burst into flames, resulting in 47 fatalities and extensive damage to the town. In the aftermath of the incident, numerous investigations, court cases, reports, and regulatory changes were implemented.
These measures included the prohibition of one-person train crews for hazardous cargo, the implementation of stricter standards for tank cars carrying flammable liquids, the establishment of stronger accident liability rules, the imposition of lower speed limits, and the enhancement of enforcement powers for Transport Canada. The department also increased the number of rail safety inspectors and inspectors of dangerous goods.
However, experts argue that these actions have not been sufficient to prevent future catastrophes. Statistics reveal an alarming increase in incidents involving uncontrolled movement of rail equipment, collisions, and derailments. Moreover, the volume of dangerous goods transported by rail has significantly risen, amplifying the risk. The federal environmental and sustainable development commissioner’s 2020 audit confirmed that Transport Canada still has shortcomings in its oversight of dangerous goods.
Notably, self-regulation by railway companies remains a significant concern. Despite efforts to enhance safety management systems, the government audit found that hazards and risks are not adequately identified and mitigated by these companies. Critics argue that there must be stricter penalties for poor decision-making and non-compliance with safety management plans.
The Railway Association of Canada asserts that Canadian National Railway and Canadian Pacific Kansas City, the largest operators in the country, have exemplary safety records. Nonetheless, safety deficiencies contributed to the Field disaster in 2019, which resulted in the deaths of three workers.
To address these concerns, experts recommend the implementation of automatic parking brakes, upgrades to braking systems, advancements in rail signaling, and improvements in fatigue management. They also emphasize the need for stronger enforcement by Transport Canada and a commitment to continuous improvement in rail safety.
For Kathy Fox, the tragedy remains a constant reminder of the importance of safety. She keeps a photograph of Lac-Mégantic on her desk, serving as a daily reminder that another such disaster must be avoided at all costs.